CVE-2026-86435

commonmark versions from 1.5.0 before 2.8.4 contain a denial of service vulnerability in the Footnote extension that fails to deduplicate footnote definitions. Attackers can craft documents with duplicate footnote definitions and references to create quadratic output expansion, consuming excessive memory and CPU to exhaust server resources.

  • Published Sep 7, 2026
  • CVSS 8.7 high
  • 0.5% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS)
  • A fix is available

Affected software

CVE-2026-86435 at the National Vulnerability Database